What is IKE (NAT-T)?
IKE is the IPsec VPN handshake protocol that authenticates peers and negotiates encryption keys; NAT-T means it runs over UDP (typically 4500) so VPN traffic works through NAT.
Common security issues
Weak or reused PSKs enabling brute-force/offline cracking (especially legacy IKEv1)
Aggressive exposure of the VPN gateway increasing DoS risk via handshake floods
Weak crypto settings (old ciphers/DH groups) reducing tunnel security
Configuration leaks and fingerprinting that help attackers target specific VPN stacks
Enumeration
IKE detection, transform set probing, and vendor ID fingerprinting guides
IKE Transform Set Enumeration
IKE Vendor ID Fingerprinting
Vulnerability Discovery
IKE vuln guides: aggressive mode, weak ciphers, IKEv1 detection
IKEv1 Aggressive Mode Enabled
IKEv1 Only Gateway Detection
IKE Weak Transform Set Detection
Exploitation
PSK capture, cracking, and weak transform VPN access guides
IKEv1 Aggressive Mode PSK Capture and Cracking
Exploit IKEv1 aggressive mode to capture PSK handshakes via ike-scan, then crack the hash offline using ike-crack or hashcat.